Frontal fibrosing alopecia
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a type of scarring alopecia characterized by a progressive hair loss at the frontal hairline and the temples. It predominantly affects postmenopausal women, but it can also occur in men and younger women. FFA is considered an inflammatory condition that leads to the destruction of hair follicles and the formation of scar tissue.
Symptoms
- Receding Hairline: The most noticeable symptom is the gradual recession of the frontal hairline, often forming a “band-like” pattern.
- Bald Patches: Hair loss can extend to the temples and even the eyebrows.
- Itching or Discomfort: Some individuals may experience itching, burning, or discomfort in the affected areas.
- Scarring: As the condition progresses, the skin may develop a shiny, scarred appearance.
Causes
The exact cause of frontal fibrosing alopecia is not fully understood, but several factors may contribute:
- Autoimmune Response: It is believed to involve an autoimmune component where the body’s immune system attacks hair follicles.
- Hormonal Changes: The condition is often seen in postmenopausal women.
- Genetics
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is typically made through:
- Clinical Examination: A dermatologist will assess the pattern of hair loss and any associated symptoms.
- Scalp Biopsy: A biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
- Trichoscopy: This technique uses a dermatoscope to provide detailed images of the scalp and hair follicles.
Treatment Options
Several treatment options may help manage the condition:
- Topical Corticosteroids: These can help reduce inflammation.
- Intralesional Steroid Injections: Injecting steroids directly into affected areas may promote hair regrowth and reduce inflammation.
- Oral Medications: Drugs like finasteride or other immunosuppressive agents may be considered in some cases.
- Minoxidil: This topical solution can be used to promote hair growth in some individuals.
Conclusion
Frontal fibrosing alopecia is a complex condition that can significantly affect quality of life. Early diagnosis and a comprehensive treatment plan are essential for managing symptoms and slowing progression.